Towards the prevention of potential aluminum toxic effects and an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

Towards the prevention of potential aluminum toxic effects and an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2011-11-22)

Maire E Percy, Theo P A Kruck, Aileen I Pogue, Walter J Lukiw

PMID22099160

ABSTRACT

In 1991, treatment with low dose intramuscular desferrioxamine (DFO), a trivalent chelator that can remove excessive iron and/or aluminum from the body, was reported to slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by a factor of two. Twenty years later this promising trial has not been followed up and why this treatment worked still is not clear. In this critical interdisciplinary review, we provide an overview of the complexities of AD and involvement of metal ions, and revisit the neglected DFO trial. We discuss research done by us and others that is helping to explain involvement of metal ion catalyzed production of reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of AD, and emerging strategies for inhibition of metal-ion toxicity. Highlighted are insights to be considered in the quests to prevent potentially toxic effects of aluminum toxicity and prevention and intervention in AD.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

733369

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 8 μm, 99% trace metals basis

11009

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, powder, ≥91% (complexometric)

IRMM523B

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm foil

433705

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, evaporation slug, diam. × L 6.3 mm × 6.3 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

326887

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 0.58 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

202584

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, powder, <75 μm, ≥99.95% trace metals basis

326941

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, pellets, 3-8 mesh, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

266558

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

266515

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ≤30 μm, spherical powder, ≥99%

518573

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, granular, <1 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

IRMM523C

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm wire

GF90204038

Aluminum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 1.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF65733958

Aluminum, wire reel, 500m, diameter 0.30mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF48396730

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF48732532

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF93567921

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.99+%

GF54185474

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF08278296

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

310360

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ACS reagent, 99%, wire, wire diam. ~1.5 mm

266523

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ReagentPlus^®, beads, 5-15 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

653608

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, powder, <5 μm particle size, 99.5% trace metals basis

GF03467202

Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 52.3mm, cell size 6.3mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.083g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), facing skin glass fiber 0.75mm, 99.9%

GF33400224

Aluminum, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 52.3mm, cell size 6.3mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.083g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), facing skin glass fiber 0.75mm, 99.9%

GF10029596

Aluminum, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 6.35mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, 8 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF96312326

Aluminum, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 26.5mm, cell size 6.3mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.083g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), facing skin carbon fiber / epoxy, 99.9%

GF36470178

Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 5mm, cell size 13mm, cell wall 0.1mm, core density 0.062g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF24569602

Aluminum, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 30mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF26773230

Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 13.9mm, cell size 6.3mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.083g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), facing skin aluminum 0.55mm, 99.9%

GF86118969

Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 5mm, cell size 19mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.029g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF72634103

Aluminum, rod, 50mm, diameter 28mm, as drawn, 99.999%