Skip to Content

A monomeric [Zr(CO3)4](4-) complex in an ammonium zirconium carbonate aqueous solution studied by extended X-ray absorption fine structure, Raman and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

A monomeric [Zr(CO3)4](4-) complex in an ammonium zirconium carbonate aqueous solution studied by extended X-ray absorption fine structure, Raman and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) (2014-11-12)

Fumiyuki Takasaki, Kazuhiko Fujiwara, Yasushi Nakajima, Taku Nishikawa, Hyuma Masu, Mamoru Imanari, Yuki Hidaka, Nobuaki Ogawa

ABSTRACT

The speciation of zirconium complexes in ammonium zirconium carbonate (AZC) solutions should be further studied in order to develop high-performance AZC complexes for use in elaborate industrial materials. Thus, the speciation and the structure of various zirconium species in ammonium zirconium carbonate solutions were investigated over a wide range of total carbonate and ammonium concentrations. By employing extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis, and Raman and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, it was found that four carbonate ions coordinate bidentately to the zirconium ion. In addition, the exact concentration ranges of carbonate and ammonium in AZC necessary to generate the monomeric zirconium carbonate complex [Zr(CO3)4](4-) were determined.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium bicarbonate, BioUltra, ≥99.5% (T)

Sigma-Aldrich

Ammonia, anhydrous, ≥99.98%

Sigma-Aldrich

Ammonia-¹⁴N, 99.99 atom % ¹⁴N

Sigma-Aldrich

Ammonia solution, 0.4 M in THF

Supelco

Potassium hydroxide concentrate, 0.1 M KOH in water (0.1N), Eluent concentrate for IC

Sigma-Aldrich

Ammonia solution, 4 M in methanol

USP

Potassium bicarbonate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

Sigma-Aldrich

Ammonia solution, 0.4 M in dioxane

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium bicarbonate, ≥99.95% trace metals basis, 99.7-100.5% dry basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium bicarbonate, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, E501, 99.5-101.0% (acidimetric)

Sigma-Aldrich

Ammonia solution, 2.0 M in methanol

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium bicarbonate, ACS reagent, 99.7%, powder, crystals or granules

Sigma-Aldrich

Ammonia solution, 2.0 M in isopropanol

Sigma-Aldrich

Ammonia solution, 2.0 M in ethanol

Sigma-Aldrich

Ammonia solution, 7 N in methanol

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydride, 30 wt % dispersion in mineral oil

Sigma-Aldrich

Boron nitride, powder, ~1 μm, 98%

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide, tested according to Ph. Eur.

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide solution, 0.02 M in ethanol

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium, chunks (in mineral oil), 98% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide solution, 0.1 M in ethanol

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide solution, 1 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide solution, 0.1 M in isopropanol

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydride, in paraffin

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide solution, 0.1 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide solution, 0.5 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide solution, 0.5 M in ethanol

Supelco

Potassium hydroxide solution, volumetric, 8.0 M KOH (8.0N)

Sigma-Aldrich

Boron nitride, nanopowder, <150 nm avg. part. size (TEM), 99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide, reagent grade, 90%, flakes