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Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2011-11-22)

Joseph Lemire, Vasu D Appanna

ABSTRACT

Aluminum (Al) has been implicated in a variety of neurological diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms that enable Al to be involved in these disorders have yet to be fully delineated. Using astrocytes as a model of the cerebral cellular system, we have uncovered the biochemical networks that are affected by Al toxicity. In this review, we reveal how the inhibitory influence of Al on ATP production and on mitochondrial functions help generate globular astrocytes that are fat producing machines. These biological events may be the contributing factors to Al-triggered brain disorders.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm foil

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm wire

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, pellets, 3-8 mesh, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, evaporation slug, diam. × L 6.3 mm × 6.3 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, granular, <1 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ≤30 μm, spherical powder, ≥99%

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 0.58 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ACS reagent, 99%, wire, wire diam. ~1.5 mm

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, powder, ≥91% (complexometric)

Aluminum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 200m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Aluminum, wire reel, 30m, diameter 0.063mm, annealed, 99.99%

Aluminum, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 1.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.063mm, annealed, 99.99%

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 20m, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 20m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Aluminum, wire reel, 2m, diameter 3.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 500m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 1.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 20m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.99+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 8 μm, 99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ReagentPlus^®, beads, 5-15 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis