[Diabetes mellitus and chronic kideny disease: modern diagnostics and treatment].

Diabetic nephropathy (DN)--is a leading cause of terminal renal failure in the developed countries. Kidney pathology development undergoes several stages--from preclinical structural changes in the first years of the disease to diffuse or nodular glomerulosclerosis 15-20 years after the diabetes onset. Microalbuminuria is an early marker of DN. Intensive treatment of DN at the stage of microalbuminuria leads to regress and remission of lab parameters of DN in 40 - 50% of patients after 2 years of treatment. Prognostic factors of DN remission are: tight glycaemia control, arterial hypertension control, especially while treated with renin-angiotensin blockers. Regress of structural changes of kidney tissue In a diabetic patient is possible only after a long-term (>10yrs) normoglycaemia maintenance.