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  • Painful bladder syndrome and interstitial cystitis: treatment options.

Painful bladder syndrome and interstitial cystitis: treatment options.

British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing) (2013-06-12)
Natalie Fiander
초록

Painful bladder syndrome (PBS) and interstitial cystitis (IC) are associated with bladder pain, increased urinary frequency, urgency and reduced quality of life. The cause is still unknown, although there are several possible hypotheses. PBS/IC may significantly impact all areas of a patient's life as they try to manage their symptoms. Treatment options usually involve diet and fluid modifications, oral medications, intravesical therapy or as a last resort, surgery. The bladder is protected by a mucous layer known as the GAG layer and is thought to protect the underlying urothelium from coming into contact with potassium ions and other irritants contained in urine. Due to research suggesting that sufferers of PBS/IC have dysfunctional GAG layers, there is rationale for intravesical GAG replacement therapy as a treatment option in reducing PBS/IC symptoms such as pain, frequency and urgency. Early diagnosis and treatment may lead to better long-term outcomes.

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제품 설명

Sodium hyaluronate, BRP, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, bacterial glycosaminoglycan polysaccharide
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from rooster comb, avian glycosaminoglycan polysaccharide
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus zooepidemicus, bacterial glycosaminoglycan polysaccharide
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 1,000,000-1,250,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 30,000-50,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 1,200
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 50,000-70,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 15,000-30,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 8,000-15,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 300,000-500,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 2,000,000-2,400,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 10,000-30,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 120,000-350,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 70,000-120,000
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Hyaluronic acid sodium salt from Streptococcus equi, mol wt 1,500,000-1,750,000