4-(1′,5′-Dihydro-1′-methyl-2′H-[5,6]fullereno-C₆₀-I_h-[1,9-c]pyrrol-2′-yl)benzoic acid (C₆₀-SAM) is a fullerene based self-assembled monolayer that can be used to functionalize the oxide surface for the formation electron selective layer (ECL). It can act as a good electron donor with a high electron affinity. It enhances the overall efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by reducing the hysteresis.

Fullerene-based self-assembled monolayers for use in organic electronic devices such as inverted polymer solar cells and perovskite−polymer hybrid solar cells.