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P8415

Sigma-Aldrich

Peroxidase from horseradish

Type XII, essentially salt-free, lyophilized powder, ≥250 units/mg solid (using pyrogallol)

Synonym(s):

Donor:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase, Horseradish peroxidase

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About This Item

CAS Number:
Enzyme Commission number:
EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352204
NACRES:
NA.54

type

Type XII

form

essentially salt-free, lyophilized powder

specific activity

≥250 units/mg solid (using pyrogallol)

mol wt

~44 kDa

solubility

0.1 M phosphate buffer: soluble (pH 6.0)
H2O: soluble

absorbance ratio

RZ ≥3.0

storage temp.

2-8°C

InChI

1S/H2O3/c1-3-2/h1-2H

InChI key

JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

HRP is a single chain polypeptide containing four disulfide bridges. It is a glycoprotein containing 18% carbohydrate. The carbohydrate composition consists of galactose, arabinose, xylose, fucose, mannose, mannosamine, and galactosamine depending upon the specific isozyme. Its molecular weight (~44 kDa) includes the polypeptide chain (33,890 Daltons), hemin plus Ca2+ (~700 Daltons), and carbohydrate (~9,400 Daltons). At least seven isozymes of HRP exist. The isoelectric point for horseradish peroxidase isozymes ranges from 3.0 - 9.0.
Horseradish peroxidase is isolated from horseradish roots (Amoracia rusticana) and belongs to the ferroprotoporphyrin group of peroxidases. HRP is a single chain polypeptide containing four disulfide bridges. It is a glycoprotein containing 18% carbohydrate. The carbohydrate composition consists of galactose, arabinose, xylose, fucose, mannose, mannosamine, and galactosamine depending upon the specific isozyme. Its molecular weight (~44 kDa) includes the polypeptide chain (33,890 Daltons), hemin plus Ca2+ (~700 Daltons), and carbohydrate (~9,400 Daltons). At least seven isozymes of HRP exist. The isoelectric point for horseradish peroxidase isozymes ranges from 3.0 - 9.0.

Application

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is isolated from horseradish roots (Amoracia rusticana) and belongs to the ferroprotoporphyrin group of peroxidases. It is used in biochemistry applications such as western blots, ELISA and Immunohistochemistry. Horseradish peroxidase is used to amplify a weak signal and increase detectability of a target molecule, such as a protein. Product P8415, type XII, is an essentially salt free lyophilized powder. It is a further purification of product P8375. It is commonly used to determine amounts of glucose and peroxides in solution. It has been used in an aspergillus fumigatus rapid susceptibility assay.
Peroxidase from horseradish has been used to initiate peroxidase-coupled assay. It has also been used in the preparation of β-galactosidase (β-gal) stock solution.
The enzyme has been used to determine H2O2 production in tobacco BY-2 cells using a spectrofluorimetric method.

Biochem/physiol Actions

HRP readily combines with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the resultant [HRP-H2O2] complex can oxidize a wide variety of hydrogen donors. The optimal pH is 6.0-6.5 and the enzyme is most stable in the pH range of 5.0-9.0. HRP can be conjugated to antibodies by several different methods including glutaraldehyde, periodate oxidation, through disulfide bonds, and also via amino and thiol directed cross-linkers. It is smaller and more stable than the enzyme labels β-galactosidase and alkaline phosphatase and hence, it is the most desired label. Also, its glycosylation leads to lower non-specific binding. It is also used for the determination of glucose and peroxides in solution.
When incubated with a substrate, horseradish peroxidase produces a coloured, fluorimetric, or luminescent derivative of the labeled molecule, allowing quantification. Horseradish peroxidase has been shown to slightly reduce the level of inhibition in a cydAB mutant. Known inhibitors are sodium azide, cyanide, L-cystine, dichromate, ethylenethiourea, hydroxylamine, sulfide, vanadate, p-aminobenzoic acid, and Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, and Pb2+ ions.

Other Notes

A further purification of Peroxidase TypeVI (P8375).
View more information on peroxidase at www.sigma-aldrich.com/enzymeexplorer.

Unit Definition

One pyrogallol unit will form 1.0 mg purpurogallin from pyrogallol in 20 sec at pH 6.0 at 20 °C.

Preparation Note

Chromatographically purified

Analysis Note

Preliminary isoelectric focusing data indicates this is primarily isoenzyme C
The RZ (Reinheitszahl) is the absorbance ratio A403/A275 determined at 0.5-1.0 mg/ml in deionized water. It is a measure of hemin content, not enzymatic activity. Even preparations with high RZ may have low enzymatic activity.

pictograms

Health hazard

signalword

Danger

hcodes

Hazard Classifications

Resp. Sens. 1

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 1

ppe

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)


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Tracy J Wetter et al.
Journal of clinical microbiology, 41(9), 4252-4258 (2003-09-06)
To improve objectivity and speed of current antifungal mold susceptibility testing, the yeast Rapid Susceptibility Assay (RSA) was adapted for Aspergillus species. The RSA is based on glucose utilization in the presence of an antifungal drug. Aspergillus fumigatus conidia were
Crystal structure and mechanism of human lysine-specific demethylase-1
Stavropoulos P, et al.
Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, 13(7), 626-626 (2006)
Chavez, C. and Flurkey, W.
Journal of Chromatographic Science, 298, 169-169 (1984)
Optimization of lactose quantification based on coupled enzymatic reactions
Condezo-Hoyos L, et al.
Journal of Dairy Science, 97(4), 2066-2070 (2014)
Bergmeyer, H.U.
Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, 1205-1227 (1974)

Articles

Discover our peroxidase from horseradish enzymes, products, substrates, and inhibitors for your ELISA, immunoassay, and protein application needs.

Protocols

Reinheitszahl (RZ) is the ratio of absorbance due to hemin (A403, Soret region) to absorbance due to protein (A275).

To standardize a procedure for the assay of Peroxidase using 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-Ethylbenzthiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid) as a substrate.

This procedure is for the determination of Peroxidase enzymatic activity using Pyrogallol as the substrate.

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