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XieMei Tang et al.
Critical reviews in eukaryotic gene expression, 22(3), 179-187 (2012-11-13)
Tuberculosis remains one of the most prevalent and deadly infectious diseases, largely due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensive drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, especially the coinfection with HIV. Mycobacterium Ag85 complex (Ag85A, B, and C), with a carboxylesterase consensus sequence
Tomoko Ishizuka et al.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 41(11), 1888-1895 (2013-08-16)
Olmesartan medoxomil (OM) is a prodrug-type angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB). We recently identified carboxymethylenebutenolidase homolog (CMBL) as the responsible enzyme for OM bioactivation in humans. In the present study, we compared the bioactivating properties of OM with
Xingyuan Yang et al.
Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.), 27(1), 116-126 (2012-12-04)
Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the key triacylglycerol hydrolase in adipocytes. The precise mechanisms by which ATGL action is regulated by lipid droplet (LD) coat proteins and responds to hormonal stimulation are incompletely defined. By combining usage of loss- and
Pooja Jha et al.
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 59(3), 858-869 (2013-09-05)
Hepatic inflammation is a key feature of progressive liver disease. Alterations of fatty acid (FA) metabolism and signaling may play an important role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Moreover
Keiichi Uchida et al.
Journal of pediatric surgery, 48(3), 502-509 (2013-03-14)
Human carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) is the key enzyme for metabolic activation of irinotecan (CPT-11). The aim was to evaluate the clinical implications of CES2 RNA expression in neuroblastoma cells. CES2 RNA expression was determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
Pierre-Marie Badin et al.
Endocrinology, 154(4), 1444-1453 (2013-03-09)
Elevated expression/activity of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and/or reduced activity of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in skeletal muscle are causally linked to insulin resistance in vitro. We investigated here the effect of high-fat feeding on skeletal muscle lipolytic proteins, lipotoxicity, and
Takeshi Hashimoto et al.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 440(1), 43-49 (2013-09-18)
A previous study has demonstrated that endurance training under hypoxia results in a greater reduction in body fat mass compared to exercise under normoxia. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie this hypoxia-mediated reduction in fat mass remain uncertain.
Keun Na et al.
International journal of cancer, 133(2), 408-415 (2013-01-16)
Although alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is currently the major serologic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it cannot efficiently distinguish this cancer from other forms of liver disease in early diagnosis due to its low sensitivity. The aim of this study is to
Nicole Mayer et al.
Nature chemical biology, 9(12), 785-787 (2013-10-08)
Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is rate limiting in the mobilization of fatty acids from cellular triglyceride stores. This central role in lipolysis marks ATGL as an interesting pharmacological target as deregulated fatty acid metabolism is closely linked to dyslipidemic and
Tae Joon Won et al.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 60, 263-268 (2013-08-06)
Injection of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and deoxycholic acid (DA) preparation is widely used as an alternative to liposuction for the reduction of subcutaneous fat. Nevertheless, its physiological effects and mechanism of action are not yet fully understood. In this report, PC
Jianqin Zhang et al.
Chemosphere, 93(6), 1207-1215 (2013-08-01)
Carboxylesterases (CarEs) play key roles in metabolism of specific hormones and detoxification of dietary and environmental xenobiotics in insects. We sequenced and characterized CarE cDNAs putatively derived from two different genes named LmCesA1 and LmCesA2 from the migratory locust, Locusta
Huili Zhu et al.
Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University, 33(10), 1499-1503 (2013-10-23)
To investigate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on glycolipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and explore the mechanism. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with GLP-1, insulin, or both for 24 h, and Western blotting was used to analyze the expression levels
Ian Cushman et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(26), 19177-19183 (2013-05-10)
A number of proteins that play key roles in cell signaling are post-translationally modified by the prenylation pathway. The final step in this pathway is methylation of the carboxyl terminus of the prenylated protein by isoprenylcysteine carboxylmethyltransferase. Due to the
Mingfang Lu et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 193(3), 1392-1397 (2014-06-29)
Lipid-laden macrophages contribute to pathologies as diverse as atherosclerosis and tuberculosis. Three common stimuli are known to promote macrophage lipid storage: low tissue oxygen tension (pO2), low extracellular pH (pHo), and exposure to agonists such as bacterial LPS. Noting that
Helge Ræder et al.
Diabetes, 63(1), 259-269 (2013-09-26)
Carboxyl-ester lipase (CEL) maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a monogenic form of diabetes and pancreatic exocrine dysfunction due to mutations in the CEL gene encoding CEL. The pathogenic mechanism for diabetes development is unknown. Since CEL is expressed
On the homology of the active-site peptides of liver carboxylesterases.
R C Augusteyn et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 171(1), 128-137 (1969-01-07)
Noboru Yamamoto et al.
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology, 71(6), 1645-1655 (2013-04-26)
LY2334737 is an oral gemcitabine prodrug. This Phase I study assessed the safety and tolerability of LY2334737 in Japanese patients with solid tumors and evaluated pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity. Patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors received escalating doses of
Mengliu Yang et al.
The American journal of the medical sciences, 346(3), 211-215 (2012-11-10)
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced lipid metabolism disorders are a critical feature of diet-induced insulin resistance (IR); however, the mechanisms underlying the tissue-specific effects of HFDs on the signature of genes involved in lipid metabolism have not been fully investigated. Glucose homeostasis
Zhe-Yi Hu et al.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 405(5), 1695-1704 (2012-12-15)
Dabigatran etexilate (DABE) is an oral prodrug that is rapidly converted by esterases to dabigatran (DAB), a direct inhibitor of thrombin. To elucidate the esterase-mediated metabolic pathway of DABE, a high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry based metabolite identification and semi-quantitative estimation
Fatty acid ethyl ester synthase inhibition ameliorates ethanol-induced Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction and acute pancreatitis.
Huang W, Booth DM, Cane MC, et al.
Gut, 63(8), 1313-1324 (2014)
Takashi Nishiyama et al.
Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography, 69(Pt 1), 44-51 (2013-01-01)
Bacterial biofilm formation is an extremely widespread phenomenon involving the secretion of a protective exopolysaccharide matrix which helps the bacteria to attach to surfaces and to overcome a variety of stresses in different environments. This matrix may also include proteins
Pei-Chi Lee et al.
Biomaterials, 34(34), 8756-8765 (2013-08-14)
In this study, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) conjugated with antibody C225 were used to achieve targeted therapy against EGFR over-expressed colorectal cancer cells. In addition, the control release of the chemotherapeutic drug, 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN38), was studied. We used three different
Carboxylesterases (EC 3.1.1). A large-scale purification of pig liver carboxylesterase.
D J Horgan et al.
Biochemistry, 8(5), 2000-2006 (1969-05-01)
Astrid Schrammel et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1831(11), 1600-1608 (2013-07-23)
Cardiac oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Systemic deletion of the gene encoding adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of triglyceride lipolysis, results in a phenotype characterized
Shiqi Luo et al.
Gene, 524(2), 275-281 (2013-04-23)
Carboxylesterase (EC 3.1.1.1) is a member of the carboxyl/cholinesterase (CCE) superfamily, which is widely distributed in animals, plants and microorganisms. This enzyme has been known to be associated with insecticide resistance and detoxification. Although CCEs have been extensively studied in
Kun Zhang et al.
Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology, 82(4), 213-226 (2013-02-14)
The citrus red mite, Panonychus citri, is known for its ability to rapidly evolve resistance to insecticides/acaricides and to adapt to hosts that produce toxins. To get better insight into the detoxification mechanism of P. citri, two carboxylesterase (CarE) genes
Panitta Sitthinamsuwan et al.
Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 96(1), 83-90 (2013-06-01)
Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare entity of uterine cervical carcinoma. Most of them have a more aggressive course and worse prognosis than a common type squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, precise diagnosis is very crucial. To study clinicopathological correlation and
Marianne Z Metz et al.
Stem cells translational medicine, 2(12), 983-992 (2013-10-30)
CPT-11 (irinotecan) has been investigated as a treatment for malignant brain tumors. However, limitations of CPT-11 therapy include low levels of the drug entering brain tumor sites and systemic toxicities associated with higher doses. Neural stem cells (NSCs) offer a
Sun-Shin Cha et al.
Proteins, 81(11), 2045-2051 (2013-06-06)
EstU1 is a unique family VIII carboxylesterase that displays hydrolytic activity toward the amide bond of clinically used β-lactam antibiotics as well as the ester bond of p-nitrophenyl esters. EstU1 assumes a β-lactamase-like modular architecture and contains the residues Ser100
Thomas Pulinilkunnil et al.
Diabetes, 62(5), 1464-1477 (2013-01-26)
Although diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with enhanced intramyocardial triacylglycerol (TAG) levels, the role of TAG catabolizing enzymes in this process is unclear. Because the TAG hydrolase, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), regulates baseline cardiac metabolism and function, we examined whether alterations
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