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  • One-step hydrothermal synthesis of carboxyl-functionalized upconversion phosphors for bioapplications.

One-step hydrothermal synthesis of carboxyl-functionalized upconversion phosphors for bioapplications.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) (2012-09-22)
Jianping Yang, Dengke Shen, Xiaomin Li, Wei Li, Yin Fang, Yong Wei, Chi Yao, Bo Tu, Fan Zhang, Dongyuan Zhao
ABSTRACT

In this paper, we report a facile one-step hydrothermal method to synthesize phase-, size-, and shape-controlled carboxyl-functionalized rare-earth fluorescence upconversion phosphors by using a small-molecule binary acid, such as malonic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, or tartaric acid as capping agent. The crystals, from nano- to microstructures with diverse shapes that include nanospheres, microrods, hexagonal prisms, microtubes, microdisks, polygonal columns, and hexagonal tablets, can be obtained with different reaction times, reaction temperatures, molar ratios of capping agent to sodium hydroxide, and by varying the binary acids. Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, and upconversion luminescence spectra measurements indicate that the synthesized NaYF(4):Yb/Er products with hydrophilic carboxyl-functionalized surface offer efficient upconversion luminescent performance. Furthermore, the antibody/secondary antibody conjugation can be realized by the carboxyl-functionalized surfaces of the upconversion phosphors, thus indicating the potential bioapplications of these kinds of materials.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Malonic acid, ReagentPlus®, 99%
Sigma-Aldrich
DL-Tartaric acid, ReagentPlus®, 99%
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DL-Tartaric acid, ≥99%
Supelco
Malonic acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT®, Manufactured by: Sigma-Aldrich Production GmbH, Switzerland
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Sodium malonate dibasic, ≥97.0% (NT)
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, puriss. p.a., reag. ISO, 99.5-101.0% (calc. to the dried substance)
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., NF, 99.7-100.5% (calc. to the dried substance), powder
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D-(−)-Tartaric acid, puriss., unnatural form, ≥99.0% (T)
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D-(−)-Tartaric acid, ReagentPlus®, 99%
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, ≥99.5%
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, ≥99.7%, FCC, FG
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, BioXtra
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, JIS special grade, ≥99.5%
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, SAJ first grade, ≥99.5%
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT®, Manufactured by: Sigma-Aldrich Production GmbH, Switzerland
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L-(+)-Tartaric acid, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%