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  • Distillation fraction-specific ecotoxicological evaluation of a paraffin-rich crude oil.

Distillation fraction-specific ecotoxicological evaluation of a paraffin-rich crude oil.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) (2013-01-05)
Elisabeth Erlacher, Andreas P Loibner, Romana Kendler, Kerstin E Scherr
ABSTRACT

Crude oil is a complex mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) with distinct chemical, physical and toxicological properties relevant for contaminated site risk assessment. Ecotoxicological effects of crude oil distillation fractions on luminescent bacteria (Vibrio fischeri), earthworms (Dendrobaena hortensis) and invertebrates (Heterocypris incongruens) were tested using two spiked soils and their elutriates. Fraction 2 (F2) had an equivalent carbon number (ECN) range of >10 to 16, and F3 from >16 to 39. F2 showed a substantially higher ecotoxicological effect than F3 for Vibrio and Dendrobaena. In contrast, severe inhibition of Heterocypris by the poorly soluble F3 is attributed to mechanical organ blockage. Immediate sequestration of PHC to the organic matter-rich soil effected reduced toxicity for all organisms. This study indicates that a more differentiated consideration (i) of PHC mixtures based on ECN range and (ii) of model soil properties employed for ecotoxicity testing should be included into PHC-contaminated site risk assessment.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Paraffin wax, SAJ first grade, mp 58-60 °C
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Paraffin wax, SAJ first grade, mp 40-42 °C
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Paraffin wax, SAJ first grade, mp 50-52 °C
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Paraffin wax, SAJ first grade, mp 56-58 °C
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Paraffin wax, SAJ first grade, mp 64-66 °C
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Paraffin wax, SAJ first grade, mp 60-62 °C
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Paraffin wax, SAJ first grade, mp 52-54 °C
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Paraffin wax, SAJ first grade, mp 62-64 °C
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Paraffin wax, mp ≥65 °C (ASTM D 87)
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Paraffin wax, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., pastilles, white
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Paraffin wax, pellets, white
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Paraffin wax, pellets, white, tested according to Ph. Eur.
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Paraffin wax, chunks (large), white
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Paraffin wax, mp 53-58 °C (ASTM D 87)
Sigma-Aldrich
Paraffin wax, mp 58-62 °C (ASTM D 87)
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Paraffin wax, tested according to Ph. Eur., low viscosity
Sigma-Aldrich
Paraffin wax, tested according to Ph. Eur., high viscosity