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04476

Sigma-Aldrich

Hordenine

≥97.0% (HPLC)

Synonym(s):

2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-N,N-dimethylethylamine, 4-(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)phenol, N,N-Dimethyltyramine, p-Hydroxy-N,N-dimethylphenethylamine, Anhaline, Cactine, Eremursin, Peyocactine

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C10H15NO
CAS Number:
539-15-1
Molecular Weight:
165.23
Beilstein:
2207615
EC Number:
208-710-4
MDL number:
MFCD00051462
UNSPSC Code:
41116107
PubChem Substance ID:
329747931
NACRES:
NA.25

Assay

≥97.0% (HPLC)

form

powder or crystals

application(s)

metabolomics
vitamins, nutraceuticals, and natural products

SMILES string

CN(C)CCc1ccc(O)cc1

InChI

1S/C10H15NO/c1-11(2)8-7-9-3-5-10(12)6-4-9/h3-6,12H,7-8H2,1-2H3

InChI key

KUBCEEMXQZUPDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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Application

Hordenine is suitable to study the effect of reed canary grass alkoloids on in vito digestibility. It is also suitable for use as a standard to identify endogenous hordenine in ungerminated and germinated barley by HPLC/diode array detection analysis. Hordenine may be used as an analytical reference material and in research on the activities of phenethylamine type alkaloids.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Hordenine is an alkaloid found in plants, e.g. the roots of germinating barley and marine algae. It is a metabolite in tyrosine metabolism, biosynthesized from tyramine by two subsequent N-methylations, it is metabolized by monoamine oxidase. Hordenine is a sympathomimetic and its pharmacological actions are of interest, as it is occasionally found in post race urine samples. Hordenine inhibits melanogenesis by suppression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. cAMP is involved in the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins. Hordenine may be used in the inhibition of hyperpigmentation. It is present in barley roots from the first day of seed germination, but is not present in seeds.

Packaging

Bottomless glass bottle. Contents are inside inserted fused cone.

Pictograms

Exclamation mark
GHS07

Signal Word

Warning

Hazard Statements

H315,H319,H335

Hazard Classifications

Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT SE 3

Target Organs

Respiratory system

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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T Wainwright et al.
IARC scientific publications, (41)(41), 71-80 (1982-01-01)
NDMA is formed in malt because NOx reacts with certain amines in germinated barley when it is kilned. Hordenine is the major precursor of NDMA, although gramine and sarcosine can possibly contribute minor amounts. The hordenine is formed in the
E Meyer
Plant cell reports, 1(6), 236-239 (1982-12-01)
Hordenine is biosynthesized in young roots of barley by subsequent N-methylation of tyramine. It was shown that two distinct enzymes are responsible for these methylation reactions. They differed in their pH-optimum, their stability in dependence of the pH-value, and were
M M Mangino et al.
IARC scientific publications, (57)(57), 337-346 (1984-01-01)
The two tertiary amine alkaloids, hordenine and gramine, which are biosynthesized in malt during germination, were subjected to nitrosation under conditions typical for the study of tertiary amine nitrosation. At 65 degrees C in dilute aqueous acid (pH 4.4 or
D L Liu et al.
Journal of chemical ecology, 19(10), 2231-2244 (1993-10-01)
The release of alkaloids by barley was quantified by HPLC. Hordenine was released from the roots of barley in a hydroponic system for up to 60 days. The amount reached a maximum, 2μg/plant/day, at 36 days, then declined. Effects on
M F Goelz et al.
Toxicology, 18(2), 125-131 (1980-01-01)
Meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) were used to evaluate the relative toxicity of the alkaloids, gramine and hordenine, which are present in reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) and to assess their effects on the quality of this grass as a forage. One
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