P7208
Pertussis toxin
from Bordetella pertussis, lyophilized powder, protein endotoxin
Synonym(s):
Histamine-sensitizing factor, IAP, Islet Activating Protein, PTX, Pertussigen
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product name
Pertussis toxin from Bordetella pertussis, lyophilized powder
form
lyophilized powder
Quality Level
storage temp.
2-8°C
Gene Information
Bordetella pertussis Tohama I ... ptxA(2665068) , ptxB(2665069) , ptxC(2665408)
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General description
Pertussis toxin (PT) is a multi-subunit complex toxin that possesses one active subunit(A) and five binding subunits (B5). PT enters the mammalian cells via endocytosis by attaching itself to the glycosylated molecules on the surface of these cells.
Application
Pertussis toxin from Bordetella pertussis has been used: as a blocker of the Gαi subunit of the chemokine (CXCR4) receptor to measure the intracellular Ca2+ in breast cancer cell lines, to characterize the Gi signaling involved in ADP-induced tissue factor (TF) and P-selectin exposure, to induce autoimmune vasculitis in a rat model
The toxin is released from B. pertussis in an inactive form. When the pertussis toxin B oligomer binds to the cell membrane, the S1 subunit of its A protomer becomes activated, perhaps through the action of glutathione and ATP. A protocol for activating pertussis toxin in vitro is given by Kaslow, et al.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Pertussis toxin catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of the α subunits of the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins Gi, Go, and Gt. This prevents the G protein heterotrimers from interacting with receptors, thus blocking their coupling and activation. Since the Gα subunits remain in their GDP-bound, inactive state, they are unable to inactivate adenylyl cyclase or open K+ channels.
Features and Benefits
This compound is a featured product for Cyclic Nucleotide research. Click here to discover more featured Cyclic Nucleotide products. Learn more about bioactive small molecules for other areas of research at sigma.com/discover-bsm.
This compound is featured on the G Proteins (Heterotrimeric) page of the Handbook of Receptor Classification and Signal Transduction. To browse other handbook pages, click here.
Physical form
Lyophilized powder containing sodium chloride and sodium phosphate buffer salts
Signal Word
Warning
Hazard Statements
Precautionary Statements
Hazard Classifications
Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT SE 3
Target Organs
Respiratory system
Storage Class Code
13 - Non Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 2
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Personal Protective Equipment
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
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Nicholas H Carbonetti
Future microbiology, 5(3), 455-469 (2010-03-10)
Pertussis toxin and adenylate cyclase toxin are two important virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis, the bacterial cause of the respiratory disease pertussis or whooping cough. In addition to studies on the structure, function and role in pathogenesis of these two
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