제품 이름
Anti-Granulin (C-terminal) antibody produced in rabbit, ~1.0 mg/mL, affinity isolated antibody
biological source
rabbit
conjugate
unconjugated
antibody form
affinity isolated antibody
antibody product type
primary antibodies
clone
polyclonal
form
buffered aqueous solution
mol wt
antigen ~80 kDa
species reactivity
human
concentration
~1.0 mg/mL
technique(s)
indirect immunofluorescence: 10-20 μg/mL using A431 cells
western blot: 1-2 μg/mL using MCF7 cell extracts
UniProt accession no.
shipped in
dry ice
storage temp.
−20°C
target post-translational modification
unmodified
Gene Information
human ... GRN(2896)
Application
Anti-Granulin (C-terminal) antibody produced in rabbit has been used in immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and western blotting.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Granulins are potent mitogenic factors, and mediate proliferation, motility, wound healing and anchorage-dependent growth of fibroblasts. Some of the pathways that are associated with PGRN are MAPK and PI3K/Akt.
Progranulin gene is mitotically quiescent epithelia and is expressed in low levels. It stimulates the proliferation in epithelial cells and promotes their anchorage-independent growth. Overexpression of progranulin confers epithelial invasiveness and tumorigenicity. There is growing evidence that granulin is involved in embryonic and neonatal development, placenta, the epidermis, vasculature angiogenesis, and the developing nervous system. Granulin stimulates an increase in cyclins D1 and cyclins B. Granulin overexpression has been associated with many cancers, including glioblastoma, breast, renal and invasive ovarian cancers. Granulin is highly expressed in motor neurons, it regulates neurite outgrowth and promotes neuronal cell survival. Progranulin gene mutations and PGRN gene haploinsufficiency have been recently proposed to cause a form of frontotemporal dementia (FTLD). It is also associated with the formation of pathogenic Tar-DNA Binding Protein 43 (TDP-43) and ubiquitin positive inclusions.
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
General description
Granulin is composed of 7.5 repeat units of a unique, structurally defined cysteine-rich granulin-eptihelin motif.
Granulins (also known as granulin/epithelin precursor [GEP]) are a secreted growth factors expressed mainly by granulocytes. They are secreted as high molecular weight precursor proteins, pro-granulins (PGRN), with seven and a half repeats of 12-cysteine granulin motif. Five human granulins have been isolated and they have a common precursor. PGRN is highly expressed in rapidly proliferating epithelial cells such as keratinocytes. It is also synthesised in neurons of cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum, central and peripheral nervous system.
Immunogen
synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human granulin precursor, conjugated to KLH.
Physical form
Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide.
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저장 등급
10 - Combustible liquids
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
T Zanocco-Marani et al.
Cancer research, 59(20), 5331-5340 (1999-10-28)
Growth-regulated cells, such as 3T3 mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs), require more than one growth factor for growth, usually the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in combination with either platelet-derived growth factor or epidermal growth factor. Singly, these growth factors cannot
Progranulin is expressed within motor neurons and promotes neuronal cell survival
Ryan CL, et al.
BMC Neuroscience, 10(1), 130-130 (2009)
Progranulin (acrogranin/PC cell-derived growth factor/granulin-epithelin precursor) is expressed in the placenta, epidermis, microvasculature, and brain during murine development
Daniel R, et al.
Developmental Dynamics, 227(4), 593-599 (2003)
A Bateman et al.
The Journal of endocrinology, 158(2), 145-151 (1998-10-15)
The granulin/epithelin motif defines a family of structurally unique proteins, of great evolutionary antiquity, which have been implicated as regulators of cell growth. Recurrent in granulin research are the surprising parallels between the granulin and EGF systems. Both are cysteinerich
Progranulin-mediated deficiency of cathepsin D results in FTD and NCL-like phenotypes in neurons derived from FTD patients
Valdez C, et al.
Human Molecular Genetics, 26(24), 4861-4872 (2017)
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