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N7004

Sigma-Aldrich

β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrate

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≥96.5% (HPLC), ≥96.5% (spectrophotometric assay), from yeast

Synonym(s):

β-DPN, β-NAD, Coenzyme 1, Cozymase, DPN, Diphosphopyridine nucleotide, NAD, Nadide

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C21H27N7O14P2 · xH2O
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
663.43 (anhydrous basis)
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
41106305
eCl@ss:
39200202
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.55

biological source

yeast

Quality Level

Assay

≥96.5% (HPLC)
≥96.5% (spectrophotometric assay)

form

powder

greener alternative product score

old score: 56
new score: 20
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greener alternative product characteristics

Waste Prevention
Less Hazardous Chemical Syntheses
Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries
Design for Energy Efficiency
Use of Renewable Feedstocks
Inherently Safer Chemistry for Accident Prevention
Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry.

sustainability

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color

white to off-white

application(s)

metabolomics

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storage temp.

−20°C

SMILES string

NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2.O[C@@H]3[C@@H](COP(O)(OP(OC[C@@H](O4)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4[N+]5=CC=CC(C(N)=O)=C5)([O-])=O)=O)OC[C@@H]3O

InChI

1S/C21H27N7O14P2/c22-17-12-19(25-7-24-17)28(8-26-12)21-16(32)14(30)11(41-21)6-39-44(36,37)42-43(34,35)38-5-10-13(29)15(31)20(40-10)27-3-1-2-9(4-27)18(23)33/h1-4,7-8,10-11,13-16,20-21,29-32H,5-6H2,(H5-,22,23,24,25,33,34,35,36,37)/t10-,11-,13-,14-,15-,16-,20-,21-/m1/s1

InChI key

BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N

Gene Information

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General description

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a vital coenzyme that transcends its traditional role as an "electron carrier," influencing diverse cellular processes. In cell biology, NAD operates as a crucial electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, driving the production of ATP, the cell′s primary energy source. This electron flow sustains basic cellular maintenance and complex signaling pathways. Beyond its energetic role, NAD serves as a dynamic signaling molecule, dictating cellular responses to various stimuli. Fluctuations in NAD concentration trigger events in DNA repair, gene expression, and cell death, allowing cells to adapt to stress and maintain homeostasis.

In biochemical research, NAD emerges as a vital cofactor for enzymes like sirtuins, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, and cADP-ribose synthases. These enzymes rely on NAD+ for catalytic activity, influencing processes such as protein deacetylation, DNA repair, and cellular signaling. In metabolomics, NAD plays a key role in metabolic pathways, making it a significant focus for understanding cellular metabolism comprehensively. NAD participates in additional intricate cellular processes, serving as a substrate for ADP-ribosylation—a post-translational modification affecting protein function. It also acts as a precursor for cyclic ADP-ribose, a second messenger molecule involved in calcium mobilization and cell communication. Research on NAD holds promise across various areas, including aging, where its role is actively investigated. Studies also explore its implications in neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic imbalances.
We are committed to bringing you Greener Alternative Products, which adhere to one of the four categories of Greener Alternatives . This product belongs to category of Re-engineered products, showing key improvements in Green Chemistry Principles “Waste Prevention”, “Less Hazardous Chemical Syntheses”, “Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries”, “Enhanced Energy Efficiency”, “Use of Renewable Feedstocks” and “Inherently Safer Chemistry for Accident Prevention”. Click here to view its DOZN scorecard.

Application

β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrate has been used:
  • to prepare NAD+ standard solution for a study on NAD+ metabolomics
  • as a component of MurI assay reaction partial mixture for glutamate racemase reaction
  • as a component of a chromogenic staining solution to stain zebrafish embryos

Biochem/physiol Actions

Electron acceptor

Features and Benefits

Versatile and adaptable for a wide variety of laboratory and research applications.

Packaging

Packaged by solid weight.

Preparation Note

To prepare a solution gentle heating and sonication may be necessary.

Other Notes

This is the common form of NAD.
For additional information on our range of Biochemicals, please complete this form.

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable


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Ana P Gomes et al.
Cell, 155(7), 1624-1638 (2013-12-24)
Ever since eukaryotes subsumed the bacterial ancestor of mitochondria, the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes have had to closely coordinate their activities, as each encode different subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of aging, but
Justine Bellier et al.
Cell reports, 30(5), 1400-1416 (2020-02-06)
The use of cetuximab anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) antibodies has opened the era of targeted and personalized therapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). Poor response rates have been unequivocally shown in mutant KRAS and are even observed in a majority
Juhyung Lee et al.
Scientific reports, 8(1), 13676-13676 (2018-09-14)
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) plays a pivotal role in neural development and neurodegeneration. CDK5 activity can be regulated by posttranslational modifications, including phosphorylation and S-nitrosylation. In this study, we demonstrate a novel mechanism by which the acetylation of CDK5 at
Jeerus Sucharitakul et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(49), 35210-35221 (2013-10-17)
3-Hydroxybenzoate 6-hydroxylase (3HB6H) from Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 is an NADH-specific flavoprotein monooxygenase that catalyzes the para-hydroxylation of 3-hydroxybenzoate (3HB) to form 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate (2,5-DHB). Based on results from stopped-flow spectrophotometry, the reduced enzyme-3HB complex reacts with oxygen to form a C4a-peroxy
Brian J North et al.
The EMBO journal, 33(13), 1438-1453 (2014-05-16)
Mice overexpressing the mitotic checkpoint kinase gene BubR1 live longer, whereas mice hypomorphic for BubR1 (BubR1(H/H)) live shorter and show signs of accelerated aging. As wild-type mice age, BubR1 levels decline in many tissues, a process that is proposed to

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