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B2629

Sigma-Aldrich

Betaine

≥98% (perchloric acid titration)

Synonym(s):

(Carboxymethyl)trimethylammonium inner salt, Oxyneurine, Trimethylglycine

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
(CH3)3N+CH2COO-
CAS Number:
107-43-7
Molecular Weight:
117.15
Beilstein:
3537113
EC Number:
203-490-6
MDL number:
MFCD00012123
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
PubChem Substance ID:
24891663
NACRES:
NA.77

biological source

sugar beets

Quality Level

200

Assay

≥98% (perchloric acid titration)

form

powder or crystals

mp

310 °C (dec.)

solubility

water: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless to faintly yellow

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O

InChI

1S/C5H11NO2/c1-6(2,3)4-5(7)8/h4H2,1-3H3

InChI key

KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Betaine is a quaternary ammonium zwitterion, extensively present in animals, plants and microorganisms. It also forms a good dietary source as it is found in wheat, spinach, shellfish and sugar beets. Betaine is a methyl derivative of the amino acid glycine. It is known by different names such as trimethylglycine, glycine betaine, lycine and oxyneurine.

Application

Betaine has been used to study the effects of antioxidants on regrowth from cryopreservation.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Apart from betaine taking part in transmethylation, it acts as an organic osmolyte in protecting cells under stress. This is being significantly observed in plants and microorganisms. Betaine is also known to increase the levels of S-adenosylmethionine and thus this might reduce the effects of hepatic steatosis.
End-product of oxidative metabolism of choline, betaine is a general methyl donor, in particular in a minor pathway of methionine biosynthesis. It is used to treat homocystinuria, which is a defect in the major pathway of methionine biosynthesis.

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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L Garcia-Gonzalez et al.
International journal of food microbiology, 129(3), 253-263 (2009-01-23)
High pressure carbon dioxide (HPCD) treatment is currently considered as an attractive non-thermal process for preserving food. Industrial application of this technique requires, among others, systematic (quantitative) data on the inactivation of food relevant pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms, and in-depth
Jindong Hao et al.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 11(6) (2021-07-03)
m6A is one of the most common and abundant modifications of RNA molecules present in eukaryotes. The methyltransferase complex, consisting of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), METTL14, and WTAP, is responsible for the m6A modification of RNA. WTAP was identified as an
Antioxidant and anti-stress compounds improve regrowth of cryopreserved Rubus shoot tips
Uchendu EE, et al.
In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology, 46(4), 386-393 (2010)
Lei Gao et al.
International journal of molecular sciences, 22(14) (2021-07-25)
The effective cryopreservation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is indispensable to the operation of basic research and clinical transplantation. The prevalent protocols for MSC cryopreservation utilize dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is easily permeable and able to protect MSCs from cryo-injuries
Yuna Choi et al.
Experimental neurobiology, 30(4), 308-317 (2021-09-07)
Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) is an animal model of human autoimmune uveitis that is characterized by the infiltration of autoimmune T cells with concurrent increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. This study aimed to assess whether betaine regulates
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