Immobilized salt-tolerant yeasts: application of a new polyethylene-oxide support in a continuous stirred-tank reactor for flavour production.

Immobilization of salt-tolerant yeasts considerably decreases the total time required for the flavour development in soy-sauce processes. For immobilization of cells, alginate gel is mostly used as support material. However, alginate is not very suitable for use in soy-sauce processes because alginate is sensitive to abrasion and chemically unstable towards the high salt content of the soy-sauce medium. In contrast, a newly developed polyethylene-oxide gel seems to be more suitable, but this gel has not been used so far for flavour production in a bioreactor with a high salt content. Therefore, this gel was applied with immobilized salt-tolerant yeasts in a continuous stirred-tank reactor, containing more than 12.5% (w/v) salt. In this reactor, the polyethylene-oxide gel particles did not show any abrasion for several days, while alginate gel beads were already destroyed within 1 day. In addition, the polyethylene-oxide gel particles with immobilized salt-tolerant yeasts Candida versatilis and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii showed a good flavour production. From this work, it was concluded that the application of polyethylene-oxide gel in long-term soy-sauce processes is attractive in the case the sticking together of polyethylene-oxide gel particles can be controlled.