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  • Biocontrol of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, and fumonisin B1 with 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin, a phytoalexin from Citrus sinensis.

Biocontrol of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, and fumonisin B1 with 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin, a phytoalexin from Citrus sinensis.

Journal of food protection (2006-09-26)
Viresh Mohanlall, Bharti Odhav
ABSTRACT

Phytoalexins (stress-induced compounds) from Citrus sinensis cultivar Valencia were screened for antifungal and antimycotoxic activity against a test organism (Cladosporium cladosporoides) and mycotoxin-producing fungi Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus parasiticus. The active compound, a member of the coumarin family of compounds, has antifungal and antimycotoxic activities and was chemically identified. High-performance liquid chromatography results indicated that Valencia oranges contain a trace amount (0.36 microg/g) of scoparone in untreated fruit, but concentrations increased in UV-irradiated fruit (15.2 microg/g). Infection with Penicillium digitatum, a natural spoilage mold of citrus fruit, caused a 35.51-microg/g increase in the phytoalexin. UV absorption, infrared absorption, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that this phytoalexin is identical to 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin. This is the first report indicating that the stress-induced compound, 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin, isolated from P. digitatum-infected Valencia fruit confers resistance against the mycotoxigenic fungi A. parasiticus and F. verticillioides and causes a reduction in production of fumonisin B1 and aflatoxins G1, G2, B1, and B2.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Supelco
Aflatoxin G2 solution, 0.5 μg/mL in acetonitrile, analytical standard
Aflatoxin G2 solution, 3.80 μg/g in acetonitrile, ERM®, certified reference material
Sigma-Aldrich
Aflatoxin G2