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Tungsten toxicity.

Tungsten toxicity.

Chemico-biological interactions (2011-12-21)

Mark L Witten, Paul R Sheppard, Brandon L Witten

ABSTRACT

There is emerging evidence that tungsten has toxic health effects. We summarize the recent tungsten toxicity research in this short review. Tungsten is widely used in many commercial and military applications because it has the second highest melting temperature of any element. Consequently, it is important to elucidate the potential health effects of tungsten.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder (monocrystalline), 0.6-1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder, 12 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Tungsten, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.025mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.015mm, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.005mm, gold plated, 99.95%

Tungsten, lump, 50g, max. size 5mm

Tungsten, wire reel, 20m, diameter 0.5mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 1.0mm, as rolled, 99.95%

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.15mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.75mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.005mm, hard, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.25mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.08mm, gold plated, 99.95%

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.025mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, rod, 1000mm, diameter 1.6mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.025mm, gold plated, 99.95%

Tungsten, foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.025mm, coil width 1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

Tungsten, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 1.0mm, as rolled, 99.95%

Tungsten, insulated wire, 0.2m, conductor diameter 0.015mm, insulation thickness 0.002mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

Tungsten, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.008mm, 99.95%

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.15mm, as rolled, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.38mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 300mm, diameter 0.20mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.025mm, gold plated, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 200m, diameter 0.01mm, hard, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.05mm, gold plated, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.02mm, gold plated, 99.95%