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  • Combined ART started during acute HIV infection protects central memory CD4+ T cells and can induce remission.

Combined ART started during acute HIV infection protects central memory CD4+ T cells and can induce remission.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy (2015-04-23)
Antoine Chéret, Charline Bacchus-Souffan, Veronique Avettand-Fenoël, Adeline Mélard, Georges Nembot, Catherine Blanc, Assia Samri, Asier Sáez-Cirión, Laurent Hocqueloux, Caroline Lascoux-Combe, Clotilde Allavena, Cécile Goujard, Marc Antoine Valantin, Anne Leplatois, Laurence Meyer, Christine Rouzioux, Brigitte Autran
ABSTRACT

Therapeutic control of HIV replication reduces the size of the viral reservoir, particularly among central memory CD4+ T cells, and this effect might be accentuated by early treatment. We examined the effect of ART initiated at the time of the primary HIV infection (early ART), lasting 2 and 6 years in 11 and 10 patients, respectively, on the HIV reservoir in peripheral resting CD4+ T cells, sorted into naive (TN), central memory (TCM), transitional memory (TTM) and effector memory (TEM) cells, by comparison with 11 post-treatment controllers (PTCs). Between baseline and 2 years, CD4+ T cell subset numbers increased markedly (P < 0.004) and HIV DNA levels decreased in all subsets (P < 0.009). TTM cells represented the majority of reservoir cells at both timepoints, T cell activation status normalized and viral diversity remained stable over time. The HIV reservoir was smaller after 6 years of early ART than after 2 years (P < 0.019), and did not differ between PTCs and patients treated for 6 years. One patient, who had low reservoir levels in all T cell subsets after 2 years of treatment similar to the levels in PTCs, spontaneously controlled viral replication during 18 months off treatment. Early prolonged ART thus limits the size of the HIV reservoir, protects long-lived cells from persistent infection and may enhance post-treatment control.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Interleukin-7 from mouse, ≥97% (SDS-PAGE), recombinant, expressed in E. coli, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
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Interleukin-7 human, ≥98% (SDS-PAGE), recombinant, expressed in E. coli, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture
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IL-7 human, Animal-component free, recombinant, expressed in E. coli, ≥98% (SDS-PAGE), ≥98% (HPLC)
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IL-7 from rat, recombinant, expressed in E. coli, ≥98% (SDS-PAGE), ≥98% (HPLC), suitable for cell culture
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Nitrogen, ≥99.998%