SRP3087
IL-21 human
recombinant, expressed in E. coli, ≥98% (SDS-PAGE), ≥98% (HPLC), suitable for cell culture
Synonym(s):
IL-21 Protein
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About This Item
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
NACRES:
NA.32
Recommended Products
biological source
human
recombinant
expressed in E. coli
assay
≥98% (HPLC)
≥98% (SDS-PAGE)
form
lyophilized
potency
≤0.5 ng/mL ED50
mol wt
15.4 kDa
packaging
pkg of 10 μg
technique(s)
cell culture | mammalian: suitable
impurities
<0.1 EU/μg endotoxin, tested
color
white to off-white
UniProt accession no.
shipped in
wet ice
storage temp.
−20°C
Gene Information
human ... IL21(59067)
General description
IL21 (interleukin 21) is a member of the γ-chain type I cytokine family, and a four-α-helix bundle pleiotropic cytokine. This gene is localized to human chromosome 4q26–q27. Although, it is predominantly produced by T follicular helper (TFH) and T helper-17 (TH17) cells, it is also produced by CD4+ T cells, neutrophils and natural killer cells. Under certain conditions, it is also produced by CD8+ T cells. Recombinant human IL-21 is a 15.0 kDa protein consisting of 132 amino acid residues.
Biochem/physiol Actions
IL21 (interleukin 21) functions on its heterodimeric receptor IL21R, which is expressed widely on immune and non-immune cells. Therefore, IL21 exerts its effects on a wide range of cell types and has a pleiotropic role in immune response regulation. This protein activates Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway and functions through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathways. Studies show that in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS), IL21 facilitates migration, invasion and production of MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13) (matrix metalloproteinases). Therefore, it has potential as a therapeutic target in the treatment of RA. Studies show that CD3+TCRvβ11+ NK (natural killer) T cells isolated from a local Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection site produce IL21, which in turn assists B cells to produce and release IgG (immunoglobulin) and IgA, to help fight the infection.
Sequence
MQDRHMIRMR QLIDIVDQLK NYVNDLVPEF LPAPEDVETN CEWSAFSCFQ KAQLKSANTG NNERIINVSI KKLKRKPPST NAGRRQKHRL TCPSCDSYEK KPPKEFLERF KSLLQKMIHQ HLSSRTHGSE DS
Physical form
Lyophilized from a sterile (0.2 micron) filtered aqueous solution containing 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.5
Reconstitution
Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. This solution can be stored at 2-8°C for up to 1 week. For extended storage, it is recommended to further dilute in a buffer containing a carrier protein (example 0.1% BSA) and store in working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C.
Storage Class
11 - Combustible Solids
wgk_germany
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.
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Interleukin-21 induces migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Xing R, et al.
Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 184(2), 147-158 (2016)
Julia Parrish-Novak et al.
Journal of leukocyte biology, 72(5), 856-863 (2002-11-14)
Interleukin (IL)-21 was recently discovered using a functional cloning approach based on expression of its receptor. It is similar in domain organization and primary sequence to IL-2 and IL-15. Like these cytokines, IL-21 uses the common gamma chain of the
Biological effects of IL-21 on different immune cells and its role in autoimmune diseases.
Gharibi T, et al.
Immunobiology, 221(2), 357-367 (2016)
Antigen-specific human NKT cells from tuberculosis patients produce IL-21 to help B cells for the production of immunoglobulins.
Wu C, et al.
Oncotarget, 6(30), 28633-28645 (2015)
Hamza Loucif et al.
Autophagy, 18(6), 1256-1273 (2021-10-07)
The maintenance of a strong IL21 production in memory CD4 T cells, especially in HIV-1-specific cells, represents a major correlate of natural immune protection against the virus. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying IL21 production during HIV-1 infection, which is only
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