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Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2013.

Peptides (2014-09-30)
Richard J Bodnar
ABSTRACT

This paper is the thirty-sixth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2013 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia; stress and social status; tolerance and dependence; learning and memory; eating and drinking; alcohol and drugs of abuse; sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology; mental illness and mood; seizures and neurologic disorders; electrical-related activity and neurophysiology; general activity and locomotion; gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; and immunological responses.

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Imidazole, puriss. p.a., ≥99.5% (GC)
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Imidazole, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
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Imidazole, for molecular biology, ≥99% (titration)
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Imidazole, ≥99% (titration), crystalline
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Imidazole, BioUltra, ≥99.5% (GC)
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500 pmol
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Imidazole, ACS reagent, ≥99% (titration)
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500 pmol
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Imidazole, ReagentPlus®, 99%
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Imidazole, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.5% (GC)
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Imidazole, for molecular biology, ≥99% (titration), free-flowing, Redi-Dri
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500 pmol
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Imidazole, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
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500 pmol
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Imidazole, ReagentPlus®, 99%, Redi-Dri, free-flowing
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Ondansetron impurity E, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
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Imidazole, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
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Imidazole, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri, ACS reagent, ≥99%
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Ethyl acetate, analytical standard
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Ethyl acetate, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%
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500 pmol
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Hydriodic acid, contains no stabilizer, ACS reagent, 55%
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Ethyl acetate, biotech. grade, ≥99.8%
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Ethyl acetate, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%
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Hydriodic acid, contains ≤1.5% hypophosphorous acid as stabilizer, ACS reagent, ≥47.0%
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Hydriodic acid, contains no stabilizer, distilled, 57 wt. % in H2O, 99.99% trace metals basis
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Hydriodic acid, 57 wt. % in H2O, distilled, stabilized, 99.95%
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Ethyl acetate, HPLC Plus, for HPLC, GC, and residue analysis, 99.9%
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