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906018

Sigma-Aldrich

Spiro[9H-fluorene-9,9′-[9H]xanthene]-2,2′,7,7′-tetramine

Synonym(s):

N2,N2,N7,N7,N2′,N2′,N7′,N7′-octakis(4-methoxyphenyl)spiro[9H-fluorene-9,9′-[9H]xanthene]-2,2′,7,7′-tetramine, X60

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C81H68N4O9
CAS Number:
1887794-22-0
Molecular Weight:
1241.43
UNSPSC Code:
12352116
NACRES:
NA.23

assay

>98%

form

solid

color

beige

SMILES string

COC1=CC=C(C=C1)N(C2=CC=C(OC)C=C2)C3=CC=C4C(C5(C6=CC(N(C7=CC=C(OC)C=C7)C8=CC=C(OC)C=C8)=CC=C6OC9=CC=C(N(C%10=CC=C(OC)C=C%10)C%11=CC=C(OC)C=C%11)C=C59)C%12=CC(N(C%13=CC=C(OC)C=C%13)C%14=CC=C(OC)C=C%14)=CC=C4%12)=C3

General description

Spiro[9H-fluorene-9,9′-[9H]xanthene]-2,2′,7,7′-tetramine (X60) is a hole transporting material (HTM) with a nonplanar 3D structure which reduces the electronic coupling and charge recombination. It can be used as a starting material in the fabrication of green and cost effective p-type organic semiconductors.
X60 is cheaper alternative to Spiro-OMeTAD.
X60 is a spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] (SFX) based organic hole transport material (HTM).
Devices with X60 as HTM showed high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) amounting to 7.30% in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSCs) and 19.84% in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). These results are competitive with the reported record PCEs of ssDSC and PSC devices based on the well-known HTM Spiro-OMeTAD. In addition, almost no hysteretic behavior could be observed in the X60-based PSCs, and the photovoltaic parameters of the devices are not affected by the scan rates used.

Application

X60 can be used as a conducting polymer in the formation of perovskite based solar cells with high efficiency.

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

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SFX as a low-cost ′Spiro′ hole-transport material for efficient perovskite solar cells.
Maciejczyk M, et al.
Journal of Material Chemistry A, 4(13), 4855-4863 (2016)
Precise Control of Thermal and Redox Properties of Organic Hole-Transport Materials
Chiykowski VA, et al.
Angewandte Chemie (International Edition in English), 130(47), 15755-15759 (2018)
A low-cost spiro[fluorene-9,90-xanthene]-based hole transport material for highly efficient solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells.
Xu B, et al.
Energy & Environmental Science, 9(3), 873-877 (2016)
Effects of different small molecule hole transporters on the performance and charge transfer dynamics of perovskite solar cells
Pydzinska K, et al.
Synthetic Metals, 232(47), 181-187 (2017)
Building Solar Cells from Nanocrystal Inks
Luo K, et al.
Applied Sciences, 9(9), 1885-1885 (2019)

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