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496189

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroform

biotech. grade, ≥99.8%, contains 0.5-1.0% ethanol as stabilizer

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Synonym(s):
Methylidyne trichloride, Trichloromethane
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
CHCl3
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
119.38
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
1731042
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12191502
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.04

grade

biotech. grade

Quality Level

vapor density

4.1 (vs air)

vapor pressure

160 mmHg ( 20 °C)

assay

≥99.8%

form

liquid

contains

0.5-1.0% ethanol as stabilizer

impurities

<0.01% water

evapn. residue

<0.0003%

color

APHA: ≤10

refractive index

n20/D 1.445 (lit.)

pH

5.2-6.4

bp

60.5-61.5 °C (lit.)

mp

−63 °C (lit.)

density

1.48 g/mL at 25 °C
1.492 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

cation traces

Pb: ≤0.05 ppm

SMILES string

ClC(Cl)Cl

InChI

1S/CHCl3/c2-1(3)4/h1H

InChI key

HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Chloroform is a colorless, volatile chlorinated organic solvent whose vapors have a narcotic effect. It is susceptible to degradation with time, which can be suppressed by adding ethanol as a stabilizer. Since ethanol is added in higher concentration it leads to increase in polarity which may have a potential influence on some of the applications. Low water content, minimal residue and clean UV spectra are the special characteristics of this biotech grade solvent. It can be utilized for biotechnological processes like protein sequencing, peptide and oligonucleotide synthesis. Reports suggest that chloroform stabilized with ethanol reduces chances on creating artifacts during the chromatographic separation after extraction of anthracyclines from biological matrices.

Application

Chloroform may be used in the following processes:
  • Synthesis of colloidal hydrophobic CdSe core nanocrystals (quantum dots).
  • Preparing phospholipid solutions.
  • As a solvent in the photolysis reaction of ruthenium complexes.
  • Solvent for recrystallization.
  • Reference compound to detect the presence of chloroform in Tobacco smokes.
  • Extractant in solvent extraction process.

pictograms

Skull and crossbonesHealth hazard

signalword

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 3 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Carc. 2 - Eye Irrit. 2 - Repr. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT RE 1 Oral - STOT SE 3

target_organs

Central nervous system, Liver,Kidney

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

does not flash

flash_point_c

does not flash


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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Systematic studies on the breakdown of p,p'-DDT in tobacco smokes. Presence of methyl chloride, dichloromethane, and chloroform in tobacco smokes.
Chopra NM and Sherman LR.
Analytical Chemistry, 44(6), 1036-1038 (1972)
Engineering of ultra-small diagnostic nanoprobes through oriented conjugation of single-domain antibodies and quantum dots.
Sukhanova A, et al.
Protocol Exchange (2012)
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Photooxidation of Bis (bipyridine) dichlororuthenium (II) and the Photoreduction of Bis (bipyridine) dichlororuthenium (III) in Chloroform.
Sathiyabalan S and Hoggard PE.
Inorganic Chemistry, 34(18), 4562-4571 (1995)
The affinity of two antimicrobial peptides derived from bovine milk proteins for model lipid membranes.
Barzyk W, et al.
Colloids and Surfaces. A, Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 343(1), 104-110 (2009)
Eagleson M.
Concise Encyclopedia Chemistry, 216-216 (1994)

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